When planting trees, the first thing you need to take into consideration before choosing a location is the mature height and spread of the tree. Though you may be tempted by all the different species that are available, take care to choose carefully, especially if you have an average size yard, because crowding spoils the growth and appearance of trees, particularly specimen trees.
It is typically most economical to plant young trees. Planting a mature tree is difficult and can be expensive if done professionally. It may well justify the expense, however, if a mature tree is badly needed for a terrace or for screening. What you are paying or is the time it takes a smaller tree to mature.
The best time to transplant a tree is in the early spring or late fall. You can plant trees in full leaf with the aid of wilt-proof sprays that seal the leaves against moisture loss until the roots are established, but this costs money and entails greater risks than buying your tree and planting it in early spring.
When planting a tree over 6 feet in height, it will suffer less setback if moved with a bur lapped root ball.
Since the root system needs fertile soil when it is planted, special steps should be taken. Dig the hole 2 feet deep and at least 1 foot wider than the full spread of the roots in each direction. The bottom should be broken up with a pitchfork and thoroughly mixed with peat, leaf mold, loam, etc.
Manure can be used sparingly and should only be spread on the top of the hole or it can burn the roots. The deeper you cultivate the hole, the better for your tree. Once planted, you can cultivate around it but not under the roots. If you hit a layer of building debris or clay, which is not at all uncommon near a house, you must remove this layer and replace it with good soil, or better still, garden humus.
If you are planting a bare root seedling, you will want to protect it by "heeling in" a vacant flower bed where it may be kept before planting as long as it is dormant.
This means laying it on its side at an angle to the ground and covering the roots with good soil. When you are ready to take it from the soil, give it a mud bath or "puddle" it. This protects the roots from exposure to air before planting and also from any air pockets which may exist around the roots after planting. After filling the hole to the depth required by the roots of the plant, flood it with water to settle the soil at the bottom; when this has drained away, place the tree in the position in which it is to grow and fill in the soil around it.
Work the soil around the roots using a stick or shovel handle, and make certain there are no air pockets. Spread the roots naturally, planting the tree at around the same depth as its former location. When the hole is two-thirds, of the way full, tramp it down and fill with water again. Fill in the remaining soil without tramping it down, so that the water will drain towards the trunk.
A balled-and-bur lapped tree is one that has been dug with a solid ball of soil in which it has been growing in, its root system is thus amply covered and protected. The ball is held in place by a secure covering of burlap and twine. To plant it, set the tree in a hole slightly lower than it stood in the nursery. Work the soil beneath this depth, as described previously.
If the ground is dry, fill the hole with water and let it soak in before planting. Cut the burlap at the top when you put the tree in place, and roll it back a few inches. You will plant the burlap and all. The burlap will soon rot away.
After the tree is planted you can cut it back sharply. If necessary brace the tree with wire ropes. For the first year, the more cultivation around the tree the better, keeping weeds away, too, with straw or mulch, in the spring and fall will help keep the moisture in the ground.
It is typically most economical to plant young trees. Planting a mature tree is difficult and can be expensive if done professionally. It may well justify the expense, however, if a mature tree is badly needed for a terrace or for screening. What you are paying or is the time it takes a smaller tree to mature.
The best time to transplant a tree is in the early spring or late fall. You can plant trees in full leaf with the aid of wilt-proof sprays that seal the leaves against moisture loss until the roots are established, but this costs money and entails greater risks than buying your tree and planting it in early spring.
When planting a tree over 6 feet in height, it will suffer less setback if moved with a bur lapped root ball.
Since the root system needs fertile soil when it is planted, special steps should be taken. Dig the hole 2 feet deep and at least 1 foot wider than the full spread of the roots in each direction. The bottom should be broken up with a pitchfork and thoroughly mixed with peat, leaf mold, loam, etc.
Manure can be used sparingly and should only be spread on the top of the hole or it can burn the roots. The deeper you cultivate the hole, the better for your tree. Once planted, you can cultivate around it but not under the roots. If you hit a layer of building debris or clay, which is not at all uncommon near a house, you must remove this layer and replace it with good soil, or better still, garden humus.
If you are planting a bare root seedling, you will want to protect it by "heeling in" a vacant flower bed where it may be kept before planting as long as it is dormant.
This means laying it on its side at an angle to the ground and covering the roots with good soil. When you are ready to take it from the soil, give it a mud bath or "puddle" it. This protects the roots from exposure to air before planting and also from any air pockets which may exist around the roots after planting. After filling the hole to the depth required by the roots of the plant, flood it with water to settle the soil at the bottom; when this has drained away, place the tree in the position in which it is to grow and fill in the soil around it.
Work the soil around the roots using a stick or shovel handle, and make certain there are no air pockets. Spread the roots naturally, planting the tree at around the same depth as its former location. When the hole is two-thirds, of the way full, tramp it down and fill with water again. Fill in the remaining soil without tramping it down, so that the water will drain towards the trunk.
A balled-and-bur lapped tree is one that has been dug with a solid ball of soil in which it has been growing in, its root system is thus amply covered and protected. The ball is held in place by a secure covering of burlap and twine. To plant it, set the tree in a hole slightly lower than it stood in the nursery. Work the soil beneath this depth, as described previously.
If the ground is dry, fill the hole with water and let it soak in before planting. Cut the burlap at the top when you put the tree in place, and roll it back a few inches. You will plant the burlap and all. The burlap will soon rot away.
After the tree is planted you can cut it back sharply. If necessary brace the tree with wire ropes. For the first year, the more cultivation around the tree the better, keeping weeds away, too, with straw or mulch, in the spring and fall will help keep the moisture in the ground.
